According to the Samguk Sagi, after King Gogukcheon died without an heir in the fifth lunar month of 197, Queen Woo was involved in installing Yeon-u as king. Following a succession dispute with Balgi, Yeon-u ascended the throne as King Sansang.
The Samguk Sagi records that in the ninth lunar month of 197, the first year of King Sansang's reign, he made Woo, who had helped him gain the throne, his queen consort. This union is interpreted as an example of levirate marriage, though its social character is a subject of academic discussion.
A battle in which Goguryeo forces defended Ansi Fortress in Goguryeo against the army of Emperor Taizong of Tang in 645.
A political turning point in which Yi Bang-won ascended the throne as Taejong and Lady Min was invested as queen consort.
An incident in which the king's palanquin, made under Jang Yeongsil's supervision, was damaged in 1442, resulting in Jang Yeongsil being punished.
The process by which Sejong created a new writing system in 1443 and promulgated Hunminjeongeum in 1446.
A political event in 1453 in which Prince Suyang eliminated Kim Jong-seo and others and seized power.
The historical event in which Danjong, after being removed from the throne, was exiled to Yeongwol and died at age 17.
The reign of Yeonsangun, the 10th king of Joseon, in Joseon.
The coup in which Yeonsangun was deposed and Jungjong ascended to the throne.
A 16th-century French identity-impersonation case in which Arnaud du Tilh impersonated the missing Martin Guerre, lived with his family, and was tried.
During the 1592 Imjin War, Crown Prince Gwanghaegun led a provisional court, traveling through the regions and overseeing military affairs and efforts to restore public morale.
A war between Joseon and Japan that lasted from 1592 to 1598. The film's historical period setting.
A naval battle during the Imjin War in 1592, in which the Joseon navy defeated the Japanese navy in the waters off Hansando.
A naval battle fought in the Myeongnyang Strait in 1597, during the Jeongyu War, between the Japanese navy and the Joseon navy led by Yi Sun-sin.
A naval battle in the later stages of the Imjin War, fought in 1598 between the allied Ming and Joseon naval forces and the Japanese navy in the waters off Noryang. Yi Sun-sin was killed in this battle.
A case in Joseon in 1607 in which an identity dispute arose after someone claimed that another person was their husband, leading to a trial; it is recorded by Yi Hang-bok.
The period from 1608 to 1623 when Gwanghaegun, the fifteenth king of Joseon, occupied the throne.
The war of 1636–1637, fought after the Qing invaded Joseon.
An event during the Byeongja Horan in which Injo and the Joseon court entered Namhansanseong and besieged themselves there against Qing forces.
In 1762, King Yeongjo ordered Crown Prince Sado confined in a wooden rice chest; Sado died after several days of confinement.
A conspiracy in which Hong Sang-beom's faction attempted to harm Jeongjo in 1777, early in Jeongjo's reign.
After being exiled in 1801 due to the Sinyu Persecution, Jeong Yak-jeon investigated marine life around Heuksando and wrote Jasan Eobo.
A battle fought in 1894 by Donghak peasant forces against Joseon government forces and Japanese forces in the area around Ugeumchi, Gongju. After their defeat, the peasant forces rapidly weakened.
A series of events in 1896 in which Kim Chang-su killed a Japanese person in Chihapo, Hwanghae Province, was arrested, and was imprisoned in Incheon Prison.
In 1905, American missionary Philip L. Gillett promoted baseball through the YMCA, and organized baseball activities developed around the Hwangseong YMCA.
An agreement forced on the Korean Empire by Japan on November 17, 1905, depriving it of its diplomatic rights and providing the basis for the establishment of a Resident-General's Office.
On October 26, 1909, Ahn Jung-geun shot Ito Hirobumi at Harbin Station in China, killing him.
The historical process in which Joseon tigers declined sharply due to harmful-animal control campaigns during the Japanese colonial period, overhunting for fur, and other factors.
The period of Japanese Empire colonial rule over the Korean Peninsula from 1910 to 1945.
The period during which Yu Gwan-sun was imprisoned at Seodaemun Prison after the March First Movement, held a prison independence protest, and died in 1920.
An independence demonstration at Aunae Market involving Yu Gwan-sun and local figures. Thousands of people took part, and the Japanese colonial authorities’ violent suppression caused numerous casualties, including Yu Gwan-sun’s parents, while Yu Gwan-sun was arrested as the leader.
A prison independence protest held at Seodaemun Prison on March 1, 1920, the first anniversary of the March First Movement, by Yu Gwan-sun and other prisoners. Many prisoners joined in, and the effects of the protest extended beyond the prison walls.
On June 7, 1920, a combined force of Korean independence fighters led by Hong Beom-do and others fought Japanese forces in the Bongo-dong area.
An incident in March 1923 in which those involved were arrested while Uiyeoldan member Kim Si-hyeon, Inspector Hwang Ok of the Gyeonggi Provincial Police Department, and others were attempting to bring bombs into Korea.
After the Great Kanto Earthquake, Japanese authorities indicted and tried Park Yeol and Kaneko Fumiko on charges of high treason for plotting to assassinate the Japanese emperor.
Based on Princess Deokhye’s real life, including her forced studies in Japan, arranged marriage, and return to Korea, but controversy over the fictionalization of key scenes, such as a speech about the independence movement and a plan to help Prince Yi Eun escape into exile, has been noted.
A historical context encompassing assassination attempts and other direct-action campaigns undertaken by Korean independence activists in Manchuria and China during the 1930s.
The victimization of Japanese military “comfort women”: women were mobilized to comfort stations during Japan's war efforts and subjected to sexual exploitation and violence.
The incident in which Park Kyung-won crashed while flying and died.
The harm caused by the forced mobilization of Koreans to work at the Hashima coal mine in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, during Japanese colonial rule, where they labored in harsh conditions.
An incident in 1942 in which the Japanese authorities arrested people associated with the Korean Language Society and suppressed Korean-language research and dictionary compilation activities.
In 1943, Japanese police arrested students Yun Dong-ju and Song Mong-gyu on allegations connected to Korean independence activity; both were later imprisoned in Fukuoka.
The event in which the Korean Peninsula was freed from colonial rule following Japan’s defeat.
Based on the true story of Suh Yun-bok winning the 1947 Boston Marathon and the actual roles of Sohn Kee-chung and Nam Seung-ryong, but the preparation process and some race scenes were dramatized.
The event in which politician Yeo Woon-hyung was assassinated.
A cultural-historical process in which women's gukgeuk, performed by women, emerged following the organization of the Women's Korean Traditional Music Society in 1948 and reached its heyday in the 1950s.
The Jeju April 3 Incident was a historical event during which civilian deaths and harms from illegal detention and imprisonment occurred.
A war that broke out in 1950 and continued until the 1953 armistice.
A battle during the Korean War in which 71 student soldiers engaged North Korean forces in the area around Pohang Girls' Middle School.
Based on actual special operations conducted by the Navy intelligence unit and the KLO unit before the Incheon Landing Operation, but Jang Hak-su, the major antagonistic figures, and the infiltration narrative were composites and dramatized.
A landing operation carried out at Jangsari on the east coast on September 14, 1950, using student soldiers and others.
The repeated battles over several hills in the area of the military demarcation line late in the Korean War, fought alongside the armistice negotiations.
An agreement that halted combat operations in the Korean War and established the Military Demarcation Line and DMZ system.
Protests against the fraudulent March 15 election in 1960 grew into nationwide demonstrations and led to the April 19 Revolution; on April 26, President Syngman Rhee resigned.
A pro-democracy movement led by citizens and students in 1960.
The 1961 military coup in which the military seized power in Seoul.
An incident in which 31 North Korean soldiers attempted to raid the Blue House with the aim of killing President Park Chung-hee. Kim Shin-jo was captured, and an anti-communist and heightened-alert atmosphere followed.
A secret unit was formed for a mission to infiltrate North Korea in response to the January 21 Incident.
An incident in which nine members of the Japanese Red Army hijacked JAL Flight Yodogo, demanded to go to Pyongyang, and made an emergency landing at Gimpo Airport.
An attempt to hijack a Korean Air F27 passenger plane to North Korea on January 23, 1971.
Unit 684 operatives killed the unit’s permanent personnel, escaped the island, and engaged in combat with military and police forces.
The incident in which Kim Dae-jung was kidnapped in Tokyo, Japan. A pivotal event in his long struggle for democracy and overseas activities.
An incident in which human rights abuses, including assault, sexual violence, and forced labor, were perpetrated against people held at Brothers Home.
The discovery and excavation of the Sinan ship, following the discovery of Yuan Dynasty ceramics in the waters off Sinan in 1975, and followed by illegal salvage and state-led underwater excavation.
A child kidnapping case that occurred in Busan in 1978.
The disappearance in Paris on October 7, 1979, of Kim Hyung-wook, a former director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency. Various investigations and debates about the circumstances of his subsequent killing followed.
The incident in which Kim Jae-gyu, director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, killed President Park Chung-hee and Presidential Security Service chief Cha Ji-cheol, bringing Park Chung-hee's long rule and the Yushin system to an end.
The military trial of Park Heung-ju, a defendant in the October 26 Incident. He was sentenced to death at the first-instance trial on December 20, 1979, and, unable to appeal because he was an active-duty soldier, his sentence became final. Despite the defense team's request for a retrial, he was executed on March 6, 1980.
A military coup in which the new military faction centered on the Hanahoe, including Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo, illegally took Army Chief of Staff Jeong Seung-hwa into custody and mobilized troops to seize control of the military command.
The event in which Kim Dae-jung was sentenced to death and imprisoned during the new military leadership's rule.
The event in which the first high school cheerleading team was actually formed in Geoje, and which served as the film’s inspiration.
The new military authorities expanded emergency martial law nationwide.
A movement in which citizens demanded democratization in Gwangju and parts of South Jeolla Province from May 18 to 27, 1980, opposing the expansion of martial law by the new military authorities and their violent suppression.
An incident in which martial law troops opened fire on a crowd in the area around the Jeonnam Provincial Government building on the afternoon of May 21, 1980.
An incident in which martial law troops re-entered central Gwangju, including the Jeonnam Provincial Government building, at dawn on May 27, 1980, and suppressed the citizens' militia's final resistance.
An event in Korean film history: the film Madame Aema underwent censorship, was released in 1982, and was a box-office success.
It drew direct inspiration from the 1981 Busan Burim case and former President Roh Moo-hyun’s years as a lawyer, but characters such as Song Woo-seok and Jin-woo are pseudonymized and dramatized.
Kim Dae-jung's second exile in the United States, which lasted from December 1982 to February 1985.
The incident in which democratization activist Kim Geun-tae was unlawfully detained for an extended period and tortured at the Namyeong-dong Anti-Communist Investigation Office.
A series of sexual violence and murder cases that occurred from 1986 to 1991 in areas including Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province. A name incorporating the place name was widely used in the past, but after 2019, use of the name “Lee Chun-jae Serial Murder Case” spread following Hwaseong residents’ requests to change the name and the disclosure of Lee Chun-jae’s real name.
The work directly depicts the actual events of Park Jong-cheol's death from torture and its cover-up, Lee Han-yeol being shot, and the June Democracy Movement, as well as many real people, while the connections between events and some people were dramatically reconstructed.
A professional baseball rivalry game in which Lotte's Choi Dong-won and Haitai's Sun Dong-yeol faced each other as starting pitchers.
The event in which Cho Hun-hyun won the 1st Ing Cup in 1989.
The 5th game of the 29th Highest Title challenge. In the deciding game, with the score tied 2–2, 14-year-old Lee Chang-ho defeated his teacher Cho Hun-hyun and claimed the title in a notable teacher-disciple match in the history of Korean Go.
An incident in which South and North Korean embassy personnel escaped Mogadishu together during the Somali Civil War in 1991.
The unsolved kidnapping and murder case in which Lee Hyung-ho was kidnapped on January 29, 1991, and found dead 44 days later.
A long-unsolved case in which five children went missing in Daegu on March 26, 1991, and their remains were found on Mount Waryong in 2002.
The event in which North and South Korea formed a unified team, Korea, to compete at the 1991 World Table Tennis Championships.
A damages lawsuit filed by victims of the Japanese military’s sexual slavery system and the Women’s Volunteer Labor Corps at the Shimonoseki District Court in Japan in 1992, and concluded at the Supreme Court of Japan in 2003.
A series of violent crimes committed by the Jijonpa in the 1990s.
An intelligence operation targeting North Korea carried out by Park Chae-seo, an operative of the Agency for National Security Planning, who traveled between China and North Korea under the codename Heukgeumseong.
A disaster in which the collapse of Sampoong Department Store in 1995 caused large-scale loss of life.
A group of political events involving allegations that the North Korea issue was to be used in the 1997 presidential election, and which later came to light through investigations.
A foreign-exchange and financial crisis caused by the combination of vulnerabilities in the corporate and financial sectors, international capital outflows, and worsening foreign-currency liquidity in 1997. The government requested IMF financial assistance in November 1997, and the IMF program began in December.
The case in which university student Cho Jung-pil was murdered in the restroom of a hamburger restaurant in Itaewon, Seoul, in 1997.
The process in which Jinro was selected as a company subject to normalization in 1997, went through composition and corporate reorganization, and was acquired by the Hite Brewery consortium in 2005.
The event in which the South Korean government officially decided and announced that it would request emergency financial assistance from the IMF.
The IMF Stand-By Arrangement concluded in response to the 1997 foreign-exchange crisis, along with the financial assistance and policy program under it.
The event in which the South Korean government agreed to the first Letter of Intent for an IMF assistance program and its economic policy conditions.
The IMF Executive Board approved a three-year Stand-By Arrangement for South Korea worth SDR 15.5 billion.
The film draws on the 1999 Samrye Nara Super robbery-murder case and its wrongful convictions and retrial, but some characters, including detective Hwang Jun-cheol, who drives the case, were drawn from other cases or created.
A fire disaster that occurred on June 30, 1999, and claimed 23 lives.
The 2000 murder of a taxi driver at Yakchon Five-way Intersection in Iksan and the 2016 acquittal verdict at retrial.
An actual achievement in which Bae Hyeong-jin, an autistic person, completed a full marathon in under three hours.
In the early hours of March 4, 2001, firefighters sent to search for people at the scene of a fire in an aging house in Hongje-dong were trapped when the building collapsed. Six died in the line of duty and 3 were injured. Those who died were Park Dong-gyu, Kim Cheol-hong, Park Sang-ok, Kim Gi-seok, Jang Seok-chan, and Park Jun-woo.
A public participation primary held by the Millennium Democratic Party in 2002.
It directly depicts the Second Battle of Yeonpyeong on June 29, 2002, and the crew of Chamsuri No. 357, focusing on the actual battle and those killed in action, while some personal stories and dialogue were dramatized.
A subway fire disaster that occurred on February 18, 2003, and claimed 192 lives.
A case of sexual violence involving the gang rape of middle school girls in Miryang that occurred in 2004. The National Human Rights Commission of Korea confirmed human rights violations during the investigation, including the disclosure of victims’ identities and details of their victimization, and recommended that those involved be referred for investigation and that measures be taken regarding supervisory responsibility.
The event in which Anyang LG's football club relocated to Seoul, leaving Anyang without a professional football team.
The women's handball final at the 2004 Athens Olympics, contested by South Korea and Denmark. After overtime, Denmark won the gold medal and South Korea won the silver medal in a penalty shootout.
In 2005, a North Korean defector family traveled toward South Korea via Mongolia.
An event in which the fabrication of stem cell papers by Hwang Woo-suk's research team came to light in 2005.
A case in which sexual violence and abuse against students with disabilities at Gwangju Inhwa School came to light.
An incident in which a judge was threatened with a crossbow in connection with a university professor’s lawsuit over reappointment.
The process in which Japanese military comfort women survivors testified at a U.S. House hearing in February 2007, and the U.S. House adopted a resolution in July of the same year calling for official acknowledgment and an apology from the Japanese government.
The film takes the 2007 mass layoffs of E-Land Homever’s non-regular workers and their sit-in protest as major motifs, but characters such as Sun-hee and Hye-mi are fictional composites drawing on various labor realities.
The film is based on the 2007 kidnapping of 23 South Koreans in Afghanistan, but its central characters, including diplomat Jeong Jae-ho and National Intelligence Service agent Park Dae-sik, and the negotiation process were created and reconstructed.
Although it was inspired by actual cases, including the 2008 Cho Doo-soon child sexual assault case, the recovery narrative of So-won and her family was creatively restructured.
Based on the true story of South Korea's first participation in the 2010 Homeless World Cup, but the personal stories of Yoon Hong-dae, Lee So-min, and the players were mostly invented or combined.
Directly based on the true story of the Busan Jungang High School basketball team finishing as runner-up at a national tournament in 2012 with 6 players; coach Kang Yang-hyeon and the players are real people.
Exactly nine years after Anyang LG relocated, FC Anyang was founded as a citizens' club.
A social disaster in which 304 people died when the Sewol ferry sank on April 16, 2014.
The point at which Sewol bereaved families, including Moon Jong-taek, began using cameras and 416TV to document and broadcast their activities themselves.
Based on the true story of Kim Seong-ja, a voice-phishing victim in 2016 who provided decisive help in apprehending the organization's ringleader, but Deok-hee, the helpers, and the pursuit in China were adapted.
A group of ongoing events spanning a long period, encompassing testimony from survivors of sexual violence related to JMS's Jeong Myeong-seok that was brought forward since 2018, as well as related investigations, trials, injunction proceedings to prohibit broadcasts, and other proceedings, within the scope covered by the current work.
A declaration in which Moon Jae-in and Kim Jong Un agreed on improving inter-Korean relations, reducing tensions, and establishing a peace regime, among other matters.
The 2019–2020 reinvestigation in which DNA reanalysis linked Lee Chun-jae to the serial murder cases and police completed a renewed inquiry into the crimes.
On September 13, 2022, Choi Jae-young met Kim Keon-hee, gave her a bag, and filmed their meeting. The release of the video in 2023 and the prosecution's decision not to indict in 2024 are treated as subsequent context, distinct from the central act of delivering the bag.
President Yoon Suk Yeol declared emergency martial law at around 22:27 on 2024-12-03. It was lifted after the National Assembly passed a resolution demanding its lifting.
An event in which citizens joined farmers after their tractor procession was blocked at Namtaeryeong, and continued an overnight protest.